GREEN MARKETING IN MOROCCO
Climate change and environmental protection have gained increasing importance in recent years throughout the world. This movement reached Morocco, where companies started putting the environment and its protection in the middle of their activities. Since the 90s, Morocco has declared its willingness to follow the sustainability path, by according special importance to the three bottom lines of sustainability. The main purpose of the paper was to assess the spread of the „green” concept, by studying the activities of four Moroccan companies: OCP Group, MANAGEM Group, Kilimanjaro Environnemnet and Lafarge-Holcim, and their green marketing strategies will be categorized based on the green marketing matrix. Indeed, OCP Group proved to be applying both a shared and defensive green marketing strategy, while Managem group applies a shaded green marketing strategy. Kilimanjaro Environnement proved to be an extreme green company, and Lafarge-Holcim was found to follow a shaded green marketing strategy.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 7th March, 2022
- Keywords: Green Marketing; Sustainable development; Green Marketing strategy; Green marketing matrix;
- Pages: 7-16
- Received: 2nd February, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 6th March, 2022
GLUTEN SENSITIVE OPINIONS ON THE PRICE OF GLUTEN-FREE PRODUCTS
Whatever the type of food intolerance and allergy, with the correct adherence to a moderate diet, there are additional costs. It’s no secret, because with daily shopping, anyone can find that the price of gluten-free products is higher than that of non-gluten-free foods. For a conscious shopper, this can be 20%, but for a family it can be as much as 30 or 50% if the whole family wants to eat gluten-free. However, it is also worth examining what is the reason for the larger-than-usual price difference, in which case people need to understand the production process and sourcing to get an answer. It is usually made from less commonly grown raw materials, which are more difficult to obtain and more expensive. These plants often require more manual labour, which can result in higher prices. Care must be taken to avoid cross-contamination at the processing plant as well as during transport - this can also lead to additional costs. Not to mention that it should also be prepared separately in restaurants to rule out the possibility of cross-contamination.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 14th March, 2022
- Keywords: Gluten; Gluten-free; Gluten sensitivity; Price;
- Pages: 17-24
- Received: 7th January, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 13th March, 2022
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND INCREASED PREVALENCE OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN MARFAN SYNDROME
Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominantly transmitted genetic abnormalitydue to a mutation in the FBN1 gene on chromosome 15, which encodes fibrillin-1 glycoprotein, component of the extracellular matrix, leading to the formation of abnormal connective tissue. The changes that occur due to abnormal connective tissue led to multisystemic implications, it should be noted that cardiovascular damage is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence in Marfan syndrome is 1 in 5000 / 10,000 live births, not differentiated by sex. Genetic diagnosis, an essential part of the Ghent criteria for diagnosing Marfan syndrome, is based on the identification of the FBN1 gene, located on the short arm of chromosome 15q21.1. The essentialpillarinthe effective managementof Marfan syndrome isthe diagnosis,monitoring and therapeutic intervention of cardiovascular damage represented by mitral valve prolapse, mitral regurgitation, aortic dilation, aortic aneurism and aortic dissection. The progress of contemporary medicine in the field of cardiology has led to an increase in life expectancy in patients with Marfan syndrome.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 17th March, 2022
- Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Marfan syndrome; FBN1 gene; Genetics;
- Pages: 25-31
- Received: 15th January, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 16th March, 2022
HEART DISEASE IN VELO-CARDIO-FACIAL SYNDROME (SVCF)
Velo-cardio-facial syndrome or chromosome deletion 22q11.2, is the most common chromosomal microdeletia, estimated at approx. 1:4000 people. The syndrome is a heterogeneous entity that includes multiple birth defects: cardiac, facial, gastrointestinal, renal, thymic hypoplasia, palate abnormalities, variable cognitive retardation, behavioral phenotypes, and psychiatric disorders. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach by a team of specialists: geneticist, cardiologist, surgeon, neurologist, immunologist, endocrinologist, psychiatrist.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 29th March, 2022
- Keywords: Velo-cardio-facial; Congenital heart defects; Chromosome deletion 22q11.2;
- Pages: 33-36
- Received: 26th January, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 28th March, 2022
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: AN ANALYSIS OF TWO DECADES
Innovative activities are vital for countries' economic growth and competitiveness in the same way research and development (R&D) is vital for innovation. Expenditure on R&D is an apt indicator to assess countries' R&D input. This article statistically reviews the European Union's gross domestic expenditure on research and development (GERD) and its components for 2000-2020 to uncover trends and patterns. Business enterprise, higher education and government components of GERD are selected as indicators to assess the sectoral trends in R&D. Furthermore, to give more insight, conceptualised income groups are used to identify any pattern between countries' R&D expenditures and income levels. The United States, Korea and China are chosen as benchmarks for R&D based on their income level. Additionally, based on the EU27 countries' historical progress and final figures, R&D leaders and laggers are appointed.
- Type: Original Research
- Published on: 28th May, 2022
- Keywords: Research and development expenditure; R&D; GERD; Income groups; The European Union; Economic growth; EU Innovation Policy;
- Pages: 37-55
- Received: 14th March, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 27th May, 2022
ICT-BASED SOLUTION FOR IMPROVING OLDER ADULT WORKERS’ HEALTH
Monitoring aging workers' health is important not only to prevent illness or work injury but to improve their quality of working life. In this article, we contribute to a deep understanding of the Romanian older adult workers as user experience while interacting with a smart ICT-based solution for monitoring physical activity and lifting effort. We want to see if using the proposed smart-insole system can help them to preserve their back health by avoiding problematic lifting during work. We share the key findings of a face-to-face survey with a small number of older adults with work experience in the medical field. We collected information on usability and easy-to-use, also further improvements to be used for advanced prototyping and scale-up of the product. Finally, participants are positive that wearing the system could be a helpful tool in avoiding back pain, not only for detecting problems but for changing their way of lifting, in a long term. This could be beneficial for workers' quality of life and promote health at work.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 28th May, 2022
- Keywords: Health behaviour; Back pain management; Preventive health at work;
- Pages: 57-61
- Received: 29th November, 2021
- Final revision and acceptance: 27th May, 2022
THE EFFECT OF MANAGERS' VALUES ON BUSINESS SUCCESS
The primary aim of this research is to identify the influence of managers' values on business success. This study is based on in-depth interviews with 15 senior executives from Israeli international industry. Content was analyzed to reveal factors affecting success. In addition, the research uncovered several additional key factors such as marketing knowledge, sales skills and team quality, each closely associated with business success. This work is the third to incorporate factors most affecting business success and should help entrepreneurs and or managers leading such organizations take actions to increase their chances of success.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 28th May, 2022
- Keywords: Marketing; Business performance; Business success; Start-Up companies; Key factors for business success; Business management;
- Pages: 62-68
- Received: 29th April, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 27th May, 2022
ATRIOVENTRICULAR CANAL DEFECT
Atrioventricular canal defects (AVCD) is a spectrum of congenital heart defects (CHD) raging from large isolated ventricular septal defect or atrial septal defect, endocardial cushions anomalies to complete atrioventricular septal defect. The Rastelli classification further categorizes AVCD into 3 types, depending on the morphology of atrioventricular valvular apparatus. Usually, they arise in the setting of chromosomal aneuploydies such as Trisomy 21, chromosomal deletion syndromes, ciliopahties, RASopathies, or monogenic disorders affecting EVC, EVC2, WDR35, DYNC2LI1, and DYNC2H1 genes. Material and methods: This paper discusses recent advances in multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment in cases with AVCD. Pubmed and ScienceDirect have been used as scientific databases and atrivoentricular canal, gene editing, machine learning, medical mangement, surgical repairment were the main research keywords. Results: Classically, AVCD management is a 3 step process. Firstly, medical management aims at improving myocardial function by acting both on the ventricular preload and postload using diuretics and Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and enhancing myocardial contractility. Staged surgical management should be undertaken between 3-6 months of age and it involves primary defect repair or palliative interventions, depending on the severity of the cardiac defect. Recent therapeutic strategies are based on the CRISPR- Casp9 gene editing technologies. Promising results have been obtained in animal models of RASopathies and ongoing research is focused on extending its application in monogenic mutations implicated in AVCD etiology. Machine learning techniques have been deployed in order to achieve early CHD diagnostic, evaluate recurrence risk, establish long-term prognosis and tailored medical management.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 28th May, 2022
- Keywords: Atrioventricular canal defect; Machine learning; Gene editing; Genetic anomalies; Management;
- Pages: 69-75
- Received: 26th January, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 27th May, 2022
ANALYSIS OF THE SME LEADER IN SZABOLCS-SZATMÁR-BEREG COUNTY IN HUNGARY, A DIMENSION OF THE “EFFECTIVE SME”
The SME leader has a fundamental role in the efficiency of their business. They often dig deeper into the everyday tasks of their enterprise and their implementation than the managers of large companies. This has the advantage of being able to see the whole of the business so that the SME manager can intervene more flexibly, faster, and more accurately if necessary to manage and develop the business more efficiently. However, due to the small size of the organization, the manager also must perform several other functions (marketing, management, finance, etc.), for which multidisciplinary knowledge and approach are required. However, they primarily require economic expertise, which appears as a shortage of respondents. The results of a survey showed that one of the most important shortcomings in the SME in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County (Hungary) is due to a lack of economic expertise by managers and, consequently, the lack of vision on which effective and appropriate decisions are based.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 29th July, 2022
- Keywords: SME; Effectiveness; Leader; Leadership; Effective SME;
- Pages: 77-82
- Received: 26th May, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 28th July, 2022
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF E-LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONS DURING COVID-19 CRISIS
Covid-19 crisis caused many changes in organizations. Employees and managers shifted to home from office due to the social distancing protocols and restrictions. Working virtually is became new normal for many organizations,information and communication technology(ICT) is adapted into public and private sectors,hence leadership is changed through ICT and virtual working settings. E-leadership integrated into organizations to overcome effects of COVID-19 crisis and to lead organization and ensure coordination between administration and subordinates. However e-leadership generates opportunities and challenges perspective of virtual work environment.For this reason, this study aimed to provide a better comprehension of concept of e-leadership, virtual work environment, challenges and opportunities of e-leadership. We have done this by clarifying challenges and opportunities of e-leadership during Covid-19 pandemic based on previous studies in the literature.
- Type: Review Article
- Published on: 5th September, 2022
- Keywords: E-Leadership; Virtual Work Environment; Covid-19 Crisis;
- Pages: 83-89
- Received: 10th August, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 4th September, 2022
CHARACTERISTIC DIFFERENCES OF AN SME LEADER AND A LARGE COMPANY LEADER
In the article, we compared and examined the management style of the leaders working in large companies and in the SME sector. The main objective of our work is to define the skills and qualities of a good leader, as well as to interpret the leadership skills and leadership behaviour required in multinational and large companies and in small and medium-sized enterprises, to determine the necessary leadership style to achieve the maximum performance of employees and thereby the successful operation of the business and in order to fulfill the specified objectives. We conducted our research using the semi-structured interview method with the leader of a small and medium-sized enterprise and a middle leader of a corporate, which is an emotional approach that includes the subjective experiences of individuals and the experiences and feelings associated with them. The questions are open, can be transformed and rephrased, their order is mostly flexible, new questions may arise during the conversation, or we can leave out questions. The atmosphere of the in-depth interview is open, supportive, and free of manipulation.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 7th September, 2022
- Keywords: Leadership; SME; Corporation; Interview;
- Pages: 91-96
- Received: 17th August, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 6th September, 2022
DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF WORKERS SAFETY AND HEALTH RISKS
Risk research has developed considerably over the past century, and risk management is still a huge challenge facing all organizations today. This evolution has generally progressed from a narrow focus on risk transfer, to extensive organizational expertise to minimize losses, and more recently to enterprise-wide risk management using a holistic approach. Technological advances influence business environments permanently, increasing the need to re-perspective occupational risks beyond the normative dimensional construction. A workplace is never isolated and therefore in the work environment employees experience both psychological and social risks. The evaluation of the work environment must be a dynamic component in studies related to the safety and health of workers today.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 7th September, 2022
- Keywords: Risk assessment; Safety and health risks; Working environment;
- Pages: 97-101
- Received: 15th June, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 6th September, 2022
THE POSSIBILITIES TO MEASURE THE SUCCESS OF COMPANIES
It is challenging to estimate the success of the companies and so far only quantitative measures were used. In the last decade this started to change and qualitative values were also considered in the evaluation process of the organizations. The researched aimed to observe the views of the leaders and their colleagues regarding the evaluation methods of the companies. Furthermore, the research aimed to highlight qualitative approach can open up a new perspective, allowing for a more detailed assessment of companies, based on factors such as creativity level, innovation, employee and customer satisfaction or efficiency.
- Type: Original Research
- Published on: 24th September, 2022
- Keywords: Leadership; Qualitative Evaluation; Success; Efficiency;
- Pages: 103-107
- Received: 19th August, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 23rd September, 2022
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT IN SUSPECTED CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Congenital cardiac diseases (CHDs) may sometimes lead to acute cardiac and respiratory failure, requiring emergency measures. Both cyanotic and non-cyanotic CHDs carry a significant risk of unfavorable prognosis, depending on their hemodynamic impact. Taking into account the fact that not all health facilities benefit from the presence of a pediatric cardiologist, a minimum knowledge of the evidence of deterioration due to cardiac causes is important for general pediatricians. The initial measures include oxygen therapy and ensuring an adequate blood flow to maintain acceptable levels of oxygen and tissue perfusion. From the multitude of congenital cardiac anomalies, obstructive lesions of the left heart, those that associate left to -right shunts, as well as severe cyanogenic anomalies are those with the highest degree of emergency addressability and in which surgical intervention cannot be delayed.
- Type: Review Article
- Published on: 24th September, 2022
- Keywords: Cyanotic heart disease; Non-cyanotic heart disease; Emergency care; Clinical examination;
- Pages: 109-112
- Received: 8th June, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 23rd September, 2022
THE COMPLEXITY OF LEAN
Today, lean is a popular research field. Nothing proves its popularity better than the fact that it is now used not only at production companies, but also at service companies, and its appearance in office environments is getting more and more common. Lean is an extremely complex field of science, as it is composed of many disciplines: innovation, change management, organizational development, process management, quality management, knowledge management. The aim of our study was to explain these statements concerning the majority of the listed areas in a proof. During research, our main goal was to find out how employees relate to continuous developments.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 24th October, 2022
- Keywords: Lean; Continuous improvement; Process improvement; Process management; Human resources;
- Pages: 121-125
- Received: 26th September, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 23rd October, 2022
IMPORTANCE OF SELECTING RELEVANT METHODOLOGY IN SOCIAL SCIENCES
Research is a continuous process which is not limited only with collecting information and portraying it. On the contrary, behind the concept of research lies creation of novel knowledge, which is a result of finding answers to the questions that were neglected before. Since a good research is defined with its clear objectives and validity of findings, it is crucial to consider factors, such as opting an appropriate research methodology and approaches, design and methods for data collection and analysis, ethical issues and obstacles, that can affect the quality of research. Reflecting a continuum of ongoing research process in evaluating performance of SME’s in Azerbaijan, this paper will cover issues which were encountered during the process and scientific approaches to find answers for the questions of the research.
- Type: Original Research
- Published on: 20th December, 2022
- Keywords: Research methodology; Exploratory research; Research design; Data collection; Data analysis; Parallel convergent method;
- Pages: 127-134
- Received: 13rd November, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 19th December, 2022
SMEs FINANCING: PATTERNS AND INFLUENCES
This study aims to shed more light on the issues of financing small and medium enterprises (SMEs), by means of the analysis of patterns and relationships that characterize SMEs, relevant sources of their financing and determinants of their financing decisions. In this respect, cluster analysis was used to investigate the existence of significant differences between European countries in terms of SMEs’ financing. Besides, the paper analyses the impact of financing sources and various determinant factors on the initiation, development and solving of financial problems of SMEs by means of fixed effects panel linear regression models. The results obtained largely confirm authors' expectations, highlighting significant differences between the clusters and the significant influence of the relevance of bank credit, internal sources of financing, government grants and internationalization of the economy on the initiation, development and solving of financial problems of SMEs.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 20th December, 2022
- Keywords: SMEs; SMEs financing; Cluster analysis; Fixed effects panel linear regression model; Cross-European perspective;
- Pages: 135-152
- Received: 5th November, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 19th December, 2022
GENETIC CLUES IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES
The frequency of genetic diseases is estimated at approximately 1 in 40 live newborns, including both minor and major disorders. The medico-psycho-social impact of diseases with genetic determinism is important. Although taken individually, genetic diseases are considered rare, cumulatively, they represent such a frequent pathology, that one can rightfully consider genetic anomalies the basis of the majority of currently diagnosable and treatable conditions. This is the hypothesis that underlies the orientation of contemporary medicine towards individualized therapy. Congenital heart malformations associate a high morbidity and mortality potential even as an isolated disease, even more so if they appear in the context of a genetic syndrome. For these reasons, it is particularly important for today's practitioner to know the small clues that should raise a reasonable suspicion for the presence of a genetic syndrome in a patient diagnosed with a congenital heart disease. Dysmorphology is the youngest genetic branch, studying the structural anomalies commonly reffered to as birth defects. It has proven to be an important tool for the modern practitioner when dealing with complex congenital anomalies.
- Type: Review Article
- Published on: 20th December, 2022
- Keywords: Genetic syndromes; Dysmorphology; Congenital heart disease;
- Pages: 153-160
- Received: 26th October, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 19th December, 2022
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN AZERBAIJAN: DOCUMENT ANALYSIS OF BRITISH PETROLEUM
In recent years, interest in the concept of corporate environmental responsibility (CSR) has grown in Azerbaijan, as it has in numerous other nations throughout the globe. The purpose of this paper is to investigate CSR and its practices at British Petroleum (BP) in Azerbaijan. Therefore, in this paper BP's sustainability reports will be examined to determine the extent to which they meet the CSR. A qualitative method, specifically document analysis, was used to conduct the research. In addition, the available literature on corporate environmental responsibility is examined to determine the subject's theoretical foundations.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 20th December, 2022
- Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibilities; Oil and Gas Industry; Social Responsibilities; British Petroleum (BP);
- Pages: 161-166
- Received: 21th October, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 19th December, 2022
FUNCTIONAL TOOTH REDESIGN (FTR)
FTR is a functional but also aesthetic prosthetic concept, which aims to integrate into the stomatognathic system the artificial volumes represented by veneers, crowns and bridges, on natural teeth or on implants, in the balance of mandibular dynamics and in the reproduction of the six functions: speech, breathing, swallowing, mastication, stress management and aesthetics. Dental implants are the most recommended treatment for replacing missing teeth on the dental arches. Implants are a modern solution with a success rate of over 98%, and therefore more and more patients benefit from dental treatments using the dental implant, which is an approved medical device. By losing one or more teeth on the dental arches, the volume represented by them must be restored. It is important that the volume of each prosthetic tooth (prosthetic work done in the dental laboratory) integrates functionally and aesthetically into the stomatognathic system.
- Type: Case Study
- Published on: 20th December, 2022
- Keywords: FTR; Condylography; Cranio-mandibular system; Temporomandibular joint; Articulator; Prosthetic treatment;
- Pages: 161-166
- Received: 6th November, 2022
- Final revision and acceptance: 19th December, 2022
